DROR PALEYPRINCIPLES OF 0 E FOR M I TVCORRECTIONWith Editorial Assistance from J. E. HerzenbergWith More Than 1,800 Separate Illustrations,Clinical Photographs, and Radiographs
1 Normal lower limb Alignmentand Joint Orientation ... 1Mechanical and Anatomic Bone Axes . . .Joint Center Points ...Joint Orientation linesAnkle. . ..... .555Knee. . . . . . . . . . . 5Hip. . . . . . . . . . .. . ........... 8Joint Orientation Angles and Nomenclature . . . . .. 8Mechanical Axis and Mechanical Axis Deviation (MAD). 10Hip Joint Orientation . 12Knee Joint Orientation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Ankle Joint Orientation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172 Malalignment and Malorientationin the Frontal Plane ... 19Malalignment . . ....